Computer Analysis Lab 2 Essay

PC Analysis Lab 2 Essay PC Analysis Lab 2 Essay Janel Paffie TB143 Unit 2 1. PC Analysis Hard Drive Capacity Smash Processor Speed Unique Features Cost HP Pavilion Desktop AMD A8 Series 2000GB 8GB 2.0Ghz Worked in Wireless system $499.99 Dell Inspiron Desktop-Intel Core i3 1000GB 8GB 3.6Ghz Worked in Wireless system; Bluetooth; HDMI yield $479.99 HP-15.6† Touch-Screen Laptop Intel Core i3 750GB 6GB 1.9Ghz Touchscreen; HDMI yield $399.99 Toshiba-Satellite 15.6† Laptop Intel Celeron 500GB 4GB 2.58Ghz Bluetooth; HDMI yield $229.99 2. Calling and Computers Film Maker: This calling requires a PC fit for taking care of a memory-busting outstanding burden. Quick, adequate memory, and the most recent designs and sound cards are important to help the continuous media work. So as to run programming required at a sensible level, try to have a huge enough hard roll (over 160GB), a lot of RAM (more than 4GB), and a quality sound card. Proficient Gamer: Desktops are the best wagered for gaming. Quick processors and video cards expend huge amounts of intensity and produce huge amounts of warmth, which is dealt with better by a work area. A quad-center processor is prescribed because of the ascent of present day games utilizing extra centers. For smooth designs and an increasingly vivid encounter you will need a quick video card. The processor and video card are of equivalent significance. Dominant part of games will run on 4GB of RAM, yet 8GB is suggested. To help with load times, a strong state drive with over 200GB of capacity is exhorted. Advanced

Greatest Good for the Greatest Number essays

Most noteworthy Good for the Greatest Number papers The Greatest Good for the Greatest Number Bentham is recollected both as a pioneer of sociology and as a promoter of regulatory and lawful change. The changes wherein he squeezed for were coordinated towards his four parts of the bargains: resource (a methods for giving oneself the necessities of life, minimum essentials, Websters 1992), bounty, security, and uniformity. Benthams thoughts on enactment were instructed through a hover of understudies and teaches that put stock in ensured business, least wages, and an assortment of social advantages (Akamac). Bentham distributed Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation (1789) in which he contended that the correct goal of all lead and enactment is the best satisfaction of the best number and that agony and delight are the sovereign experts overseeing keeps an eye on direct (Spartacus). Bentham, likewise being a defender of utilitarianism (regulation that expresses that the good and political rightness of an activity is controlled by its utility, Websters 1992) accepted that the deciding component of an ethical activity depends on whether the activity adds to the benefit of society. The least demanding way to deal with take on this is in circumstances where one must settle on a useful for an individual and a useful for society, at that point society ought to win, in spite of an inappropriate being done to a person. This is on the grounds that by and large the utility or great got from that activity exceeds the limited quantity of damage done in light of the fact that the hurt is done distinctly to one though the great is increased by the numerous who advantage (Pollock, 33). Another way to deal with assistance clarify this hypothesis would be if there were a person with a newfound sickness that could end up being a significant danger to society. Since this individual is the main known human bearer of this infection, should this individual be isolated all together t ... <!

Orientation Update, Part II - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

Orientation Update, Part II - UGA Undergraduate Admissions Orientation Update, Part II UGAs Orientation website is now available for all admitted freshmen and transfer applicants! Please make sure to have the email that you used to apply for admission (and the accompanying password) in order to sign into the Orientation site. Here are a few things to remember about registering for Orientation: It may take a few days for the Orientation fee to post to your student account Payments are made to the UGA Bursars office Make sure to check your calendars before selecting orientation dates, and hold off on travel plans until you have received a confirmation of the session you have requested Please review the pages leading up to the registration page, as there are key items you need to review A confirmation letter will be mailed to you approximately two weeks prior to your orientation date Be patient, as there may be a number of people logging into the site Send the required Health documentation to the Univ. Health Center (not Admissions) If you have AP/IB exam results, have them sent to UGA, and the Registrar will post the credit to your academic record as they are received. Students should review the Credit Placement web pages for more details, and be patient with any scores that will be coming into UGA in July. Go Dawgs!

Subverting the Conventional Combining Genre in Kellys...

Subverting the Conventional: Combining Genre in Kellys Donnie Darko While planning an evening at the cinema, individuals do not discuss the specific guidelines of genre while deciding the film of choice. A reason for seeing a Western is never because the genre has evolved from primarily racist films involving cowboys and Indians to movies that vindicate Indians and work toward demythologizing the old West. Similarly, broad generalizations of genre are constantly used to categorize film. Courtship-Romance Musicals or Rock Operas are often shuffled into the generic class of Musical, while the 1930’s films of Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers, examples of Courtship-Romance Musicals, are in contrast to such films as Tommy or Jesus Christ†¦show more content†¦Leo Braudy and Marshall Cohen explore the principles of genre in their book Film Theory and Criticism. Braudy and Cohen write that the most common criticism is that, †Genre art†¦ can never reach the heights of greatness because its creators are too tied to artistic precede nts and are therefore not ‘original’†(607). Restrictions of genre destroy the individual artist or what is known as the â€Å"auteur† in film. Creativity and uniqueness is sacrificed for conformity in narrative, production, and societal issues. According to this criticism, genre films cannot be considered works of art and directors are not artists, but mere pawns of the studio system. Another concern of theorists is how to precisely categorize genre when it is continually evolving. Braudy and Cohen write that, â€Å"The generic approach to art [genre] has frequently been attacked, however, for its terms are often imprecise and its methods of categorization unclear†(607). Presently, the most accepted form of categorizing genre is between fictional narratives, such as Gangster films or War films. However, there are other possible ways of labeling movies including physical properties (silent, color) or purpose and effect (comic, educational). Further problems arise when attempting to distinguish characteristics between genres of fictional narratives. What are the specific differences between an Anarchic Comedy and a Black Comedy? There are characteristics that can be found

Educational Philosophies - 650 Words

Educational Philosophies Elizabeth Howell Liberty University What is the philosophy of education? It is a set of ideas and beliefs that guides teachers’ actions and provides a framework for thinking about educational issues. (Kauchak and Eggen, 197) Teachers use philosophy everyday in their classrooms. From the time the first student enters their room until the last student walks out, philosophy is affecting the way the teacher runs his/her classroom and how they interact with their students. There are four different types of educational philosophies: Perennialism, Essentialism, Progressivism, and Social reconstuctionism. There are also five classroom applications that help teachers decide which philosophies are used while they†¦show more content†¦Lectures, questioning, practice and feedback are some of the teaching methods I would use in my classroom. These follow the Essentialism philosophy. I believe that consistence in a classroom is crucial but also you have to mix things up in order to keep the students attentio n and keep them interested in the curriculum. On the other hand, learning should not be all fun and games. Students will never take learning seriously if there is not seriousness implanted in their learning experience. It is my opinion classroom learning environments should be highly structured with strong focuses on academic work as well as essential knowledge and skills. As I stated before, a child should have just as much academic knowledge as they do knowledge of how the world works around them. This follows both Essentialism as well as Perennialism. Perennialism is an educational philosophy suggesting that nature is constant and that schools should teach classic knowledge. (Kauchak and Eggen, 201) Lastly, I feel that teachers should offer frequent objective and performance assessments and feedback to their students. Students should be periodically assessed on their work and given feedback and how they are doing. This is part of the essentialism philosophy. I believe t hat assessing students and giving them feedback helps the students as well as their parents know, without question, how the students in doing, what their level ofShow MoreRelated Educational Philosophy1383 Words   |  6 PagesEducational Philosophy Writing my educational philosophy has required me to do an extensive amount of personal research that has taken me on some wonderful, inward journeys over the past few months. Voyages through my cognitive and behavioral personas from the beginning of my educational endeavor back in 1992 up until the present day. I have been digging diligently through my archives pulling out old papers I composed regarding my initial views toward education. I have reflectedRead MoreComponents Of An Educational Philosophy1038 Words   |  5 Pagesperson’s philosophy is defined as, â€Å"A theory or attitude held by a person that acts as a guiding principle for behavior.† If a person’s philosophy shapes his or her actions, then it is vital for any professional to have a good philosophy in their profession, so their actions follow suit. Therefore, it is important for an educator to have a solid philosophy of education so that his or her teaching is effective and right before God. Six important components of an educational philosophy are metaphysicsRead More Educational Philosophies Essay1574 Words   |  7 PagesEducational Philosophies Many different ideas of the correct educational philosophy exist. Highly acclaimed psychologists and educators developed these varying philosophies. Each of these philosophies have their strengths and weaknesses and have their positives and negatives in different situations. It is our job as educators to sift through this list of philosophies to find our own style and philosophy. We must research the pros and cons of each philosophy and pick and choose which sectionsRead More Educational Goals and Philosophy Essay945 Words   |  4 PagesEducational Goals and Philosophy Making a career choice can often be a tormenting decision, and many people choose a profession or line of work that may not satisfy their creative abilities, but only pays the bills. I have known, specifically since the first day I spent in kindergarten class, that my purpose is to teach, and for that knowledge I am especially fortunate. The philosophies that I support have been part of my educational beliefs and standards for the majority orRead More My Educational Philosophy Essay972 Words   |  4 Pages My Educational Philosophy Plato/Socrates and Rousseau have become major philosophical approaches. All these opinions are different compared to mine. Some are the same and some are different. I do agree with some of the philosophers’ points, but some I disagree with. My philosophical view relates to some of the philosophers views. First, Socrates (469-399 B.C.) view is on asking students repeatedly questions to make them rethink what they believe. He wanted to help others find the truths thatRead More Statement of Educational Philosophy Essay1103 Words   |  5 PagesStatement of Educational Philosophy A person’s philosophy of education is important because it affects the way that their classroom will be run. To be a good teacher, a person should genuinely like the students and want to make a difference in their lives, giving them the confidence to succeed. There are many things that go into developing an educational philosophy: The nature of the students, the nature of knowledge, the purpose of education, the method of education, and the curriculum. Read MoreEssay on My Educational Philosophy474 Words   |  2 PagesMy Educational Philosophy To describe my educational philosophy, I needed to combine two philosophers into one making it my own. I plan to explain my philosophical view by discussing the purpose of public education in society. I felt that essentialism, popularized by William Bagley, and progressivism, led by John Dewey, best described my attitudes and views towards education. I feel the overall purpose of education is to teach students traditional academic subjects such as mathRead MorePersonal Education Philosophy : Personal Philosophy Of Educational Philosophy932 Words   |  4 PagesEducational Philosophy Remember: everyone in the classroom has a story that leads to misbehavior or defiance. 9 times out of 10, the story behind the misbehavior won’t make you angry. It will break your heart. - Annette Breaux My educational philosophy stems from the belief that all people are capable of learning and growing and that education is a powerful tool in helping students achieve both their personal and professional goals. I am also a firm believer in trauma-informed schools and educationRead MoreEducational Philosophy of John Dewey Essay702 Words   |  3 PagesThe Educational Philosophy of John Dewey John Dewey is known as leader of the progressive movement in the history of the American education system and his book, Democracy and Education: an introduction to the philosophy of education, could be used as a textbook to teach the foundations of the movement. Discrediting all previous educational and philosophic approaches as intellectually incomplete or inaccurate, Dewey first presents a new perspective on the nature of knowledge, education, societyRead MoreEssay Educational Philosophy and Idealism2282 Words   |  10 PagesTo fully comprehend the general idea of this topic we must define primarily what educational philosophy and idealism is. To begin education philosophy may be defined as, â€Å"general philosophy being applied to education as a specific area of human endeavor.† (Knight, 2006) Moreover, idealism may be classified as the philosophical theory that maintains that the ultimate nature of reality is based on mind or ideas. It holds that the so-called externa l or real world is inseparable from mind, consciousness

The Effects Of Midlife Psychosocial Development On...

Directed Assignment A4: Review Research 1. Why did you pick this article? I find this journal article interesting as it discussed the consequences of midlife psychosocial development in relation to late-life cognitive and emotional health. It is relevant in my age group particularly in my husband’s case who is in his mid-thirties. Although I have been aware of the implications of certain psychosocial factors in someone’s well-being, I wanted to know the other aspects of midlife psychosocial development and its effect as the person ages. 2. Summary of related literature or studies Erikson’s psychosocial development theory became the foundation of understanding human development across the lifespan. He hypothesized that individuals who fail†¦show more content†¦These factors were also associated with lower rates of elderly depression. Depression in older adults result to greater deficits in executive functioning. Memory impairment also occurs 3. What was the purpose of this study? Why did the authors feel the need for this particular research? Previous researches linked psychosocial development with late-life cognition, executive functioning, and memory. However, there were few studies that emphasized Erikson’s psychosocial developmental framework with late-life cognitive and psychological functioning. Likewise, most studies utilized self-report of individual functioning, a relatively limited picture of one’s psychosocial level. The authors felt that a prospective longitudinal study with standardized measures of the neuropsychological variables would be a better assessment of the relationship between midlife psychosocial development and late-life neuropsychological functioning. They hypothesized that after controlling level of education and intelligence, individuals who were more successful in navigating midlife psychosocial challenges would have better cognitive and psychological health in their seventies and eighties. Moreover, depression has been associated with multiple domains of neuropsychological funct ioning. In this study, the researchers assessed whether the presence of late-life depression had an effect on the relationship between midlife Eriksonian developmental stage and late-life neuropsychologicalShow MoreRelatedI Find This Journal Article Interesting As It Discussed1335 Words   |  6 Pagesconsequences of midlife psychosocial development in relation to late-life cognitive and emotional health. It is relevant in my age group, particularly in my husband’s case who is in his mid-thirties. Although I have been aware of the implications of certain psychosocial factors in someone’s well-being, I wanted to know the other aspects of midlife psychosocial development and its effect as the person ages. 2. 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TeleMed Supporting Requirements

Question: Discuss about the Report for TeleMed Supporting Requirements. Answer: Introduction In this project, a patient care solution which will be community based, is being developed. This patient care solution once developed will help doctors provide remote assistance to the nurses with extending best healthcare services and facilities to their patience. Doctors wont have to travel to the nurses or patience, and they will be able to assist nurses through remote care facilities which they would be availing through mobile devices. This facility will not only help doctors monitor and manage patiences health conditions and provide/suggest diagnostics but will also encourage patiences and nurses self-care capabilities. This project explores technologies based on cloud and mobile platform, especially with respect to data security, access levels, access permissions and data ownership. Project will also be appraised for its non-functional requirements like reliability, usability, performance, system constrains, interface and system qualities and so on. This software can be develop ed based on Software Development Life Cycle approaches from Adaptive SLDC or Predictive SLDC. In this project both of these approaches will be explored and its pros cons would be compared and the right approach for this softwares development will be identified and suggested (Fosse, 2016). Functional Requirements of the system The system would have five key functional requirements with in the application. These requirements are explained as follows: Sr. No. Requirement Function 1 Starting A device called, TeleMed, will be used by the doctor for interviewing the patients. Doctors will be able to access it by visiting the application and clicking on the TeleMed button. This will not only help doctor schedule interview for new patients, it will also help them, see old interviews of the patience. 2 Scheduling Patience will be able to attend to the interview with the help of the device which would help them with starting a new session on their tablet. It will also help them connect to the electronic device that comes with it. There will also be medical devices for taking required measurements. If patient doubts the test result, he/she will have option to take the test again. 3 Manual Entry There will also be an option for manual entry of the test results into the TeleMed application for the patience. This will specially be helpful to the patient in instances where readings are not automatically transferred to the system. 4 Interview The application on the device would ask patient question regarding his/her health which can be answered with the help of appropriate answering buttons. Once answers for all relevant questions are collected in the system, it will send it to the clinic for the doctors to review. 5 Exit There will a sign out button, which would appear in the center of the device screen, once the interview is over. Along with this, there will also be an exit button, on screens top right corner for the patient to ext the application. System Qualities Usability Application would be flexible to make the buttons appear bigger on screens with lower density similarly it will appear comparatively smaller on screens with lower density. Therefore, it ensures that it provides support for the screen element density. There will be pronounced colors used at the home screen which would be easily recognizable. Once the patient drags mouse curser on any specific button, the colors of all of the other buttons would fade and will become grey to help users clearly distinguish which button they are going to click on. Apart from these, the application makes use of very few metaphorical representations on home screen such as people to suggest video call facility or telephone to suggest call facility (Lause, 2016). Reliability There will be a maximum of 4000 hours of annual downtime for the application. Along with this, system would have an average recovery time one day to ten days in case of a downtime. This is for after the the receiving of the reporting of the downtime (Chung, 2016). Performance Applications response times would be: Refresh time: It will have a Refresh time of 2 seconds for reload of contents Screen Open: It will take 2 seconds for the screen to open after loading Application loading: System would take 4 seconds for the application to load Applications different components would be following processing times: Exports: It would take 10 seconds for the reports to be exported to the doctors. Imports: It would take 10 seconds for the reports to be imported to the patient or nurses Calculations: It would be 1 second for the calculations to happen Functions: There would be an ideal time of 1 second for every function Query or reporting times for loads would be: Subsequent loads: These will take 5 seconds. Initial loads: It will take 10 seconds for Initial loads Supportability This application has used IEEE and Drupal coding standards for the application development and for interface design it has used 1016-2009 design standard. System Interfaces Details User Interfaces Navigation Layout Requirements This application makes use of a grid layout to develop a very simple interface. Here, every element will be placed in proper organized way on the screen. Look Feel There is a very simple look and feel provided to the application. This is to ensure that event the novice and old uses find it easy to understand and use. Customization and User Personalization Requirements This application will have option to personalize it for the users who are granted this access. They will be able to take interviews, view their own reports submitted earlier as well as submit their self-care reports Consistency This application makes use of very simple interface to make sure that there is a consistency of menus, commands and prompts at every page and stages of the application. (Malan, 2010). Interfaces to External Devices or Systems Communications Interfaces For communication Internet connection will be needed on the mobile devices as well as on the tablet for them to be able to be connected to the remote clinic with the help of this application. Although interviews can be carried and recorded on the local device without internet connection, they wont be able to send or submit the report without the internet connections. Hardware Interfaces They will need to use additional specialized medical equipments to carry various tests like sugar levels and blood pressure etc. on the patients person. Software Interfaces The software will have to be connected, with the help of internet, to the mobile application. This will also serve as an additional interface for them. Business Rules Supports and Training Support Support will be extended to the patient and the nurses through calls centers which would connecti them to the specialized technical service desk. For this purpose equipment installation will have be taken care by the company (Condde, 2010). Training Product support Health training will be provided to the client or customer for a maximum of 25 CPD hours as per the contracts System Constraints The system will not enable the devices to read the test outputs which are not configured in advance into the system. This would also apply to the use of any new devices launched in the market. All of the tests will have to be taken by pre-configured devices. (Dettmer, 2016). System Compliance Licensing Requirements All devices to be used will have to be licensed to be used for corporate uses. This would apply to all external software as well all devices wherever applicable. (McAtee, 2016) Copyright, Legal Other Notices The parent company would reserves the patent rights for the software. And this cant be developed or resolt to anyone else without prior approvals. Applicable Standards Following standards is considered in development of the : Drupal Coding standard IEEE 1016-2009 design standard APNA accreditation for training on software(Shaikh, 2016) System Documentation The application will come with a usage manual and training module and materials for the patients to refer while learning to use the application. Also, it will have a website for it containing video and blogs for self help (Rhyous, 2016). Cloud Based Solution For the development of this system or project IaaS cloud deployment will be used for development of solution. This model allows a third party service provider to develop the system for the company, which is the requirement here and this is its biggest advantage. This model is also helpful for later maintenance activities and implementations. This can also be used for post-implementation and maintenance activities. This is also more scalable for future uses. SLDC Approach Predictive Adaptive A drawback of this is that testing can be done only after all development activities are completed. For this approach one needs to have knowledge regarding all of the intricacies of project including all requisite technical methodology and knowledge Another drawback of this method is that all requirements will have to be clearly identified and documented before the starting of the development project. The requirements dont needs to be detailed at start and therefore, its difficult to predict of efforts that is required for the development of the project This approach is greatly focused on the system structure This method doesnt follow any specific structure and is very flexible in nature which enables to to accommodate any change. All elements needs to be tested at the end before a system made live Testing can be done in phases For this project, considering above pros and cons Predictive SLDC is recommended to be used. References Shaikh, A. (2016). A system design for a telemedicine health care system. Retrieved 5 October 2016, from https://gupea.ub.gu.se/bitstream/2077/10498/1/gupea_2077_10498_1.pdf Rhyous,. (2011). The 8 Types of Technical Documentation and Why Each Is Important. Rhyous. Retrieved 5 October 2016, from https://www.rhyous.com/2011/07/21/the-different-types-of-technical-documentation-for-software-and-why-each-is-important/ McAtee, M. (2016). A good compliance system takes the administrating out of managing. Qualitydigest.com. Retrieved 5 October 2016, from https://www.qualitydigest.com/nov01/html/paperless.html Malan, R. (2010). Defining Non-Functional Requirements. Retrieved 5 October 2016, from https://www.bredemeyer.com/pdf_files/NonFunctReq.PDF Lause, S. (2016). Six Styles for Usability Requirements. Retrieved 5 October 2016, from https://www.itu.dk/~slauesen/Papers/SixStyles.pdf

Nurse Burnout and the Work Environment Effects Essay Example

Nurse Burnout and the Work Environment: Effects Paper However, there has been many researches done on Magnet hospitals being able to decrease their nurse burnout rates and job satisfaction, but there hasnt been a study done on emergency nurses in Ireland on nurse burnout and their working environment (Mahoney, 2011). A review of research study published by Inurn Mahoney (201 1) is able to provide insight by data from a group of Emergency Room nurses in Ireland. This paper will provide information reviewing the background of the issue, the methods used, the researchers findings, ethical considerations, and the impact this study may have on urging practices in hospitals around the world. Background This research study focused determining if nurse burnout and the characteristics of the work environments of emergency nurses in Ireland went hand in hand. The researchers identified that previous research focused on hospitals that held Magnet Status attracted and retained nurses better that others (Mahoney, 201 1, p. 0). Its important to determine the relationship between burnout in emergency nurses and emergency department working environments due to the increase in nurse turnover and poor job satisfaction cores. (Mahoney, 2011). Methods Mahoney (2011) utilized literature and quantitative reviews to describe the relationship between nurse burnout and the work environment of the emergency nurses at Cork University Hospital Emergency Department. Wi th the recent nurse turnover rate being 40 percent the research study was limited. We will write a custom essay sample on Nurse Burnout and the Work Environment: Effects specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Nurse Burnout and the Work Environment: Effects specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Nurse Burnout and the Work Environment: Effects specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer There were 86 studies sent out to the emergency nurses. Both men and women participated in the study but the majority was women with experience between 6 and 10 years of service. The ages of the respondents averaged between 30 and 40 years of age. The literature review consisted of retrieving multiple articles pertaining to emergency room nurses burnout and contributing factors (Mahoney, 2011, p. 31 Multiple databases were explored by using key terms related to emergency nurse, stress, work environments and many more. There were 21 articles used. The researcher used The Mammals Burnout Inventory (MBA) Manual created by Mismatch and Jackson to identify three dimensions of burnout, they were: emotional exhaustion (E), diversification (DIP), and reduced personal accomplishment (as cited by Mahoney, 2011 Out of the three dimensions f burnout Mahoney (2011) kept emotional exhaustion and diversification because they related more to nurse burnout and the work environment. The second part used was the quantitative method which consisted Of using a form with two series of 22 statements about nurse burnout and 30 statements about the working environment. The MBA pertained to burnout and the statements about the working environment came from a 31- item from Lakes (2002) Nursing Work Index Practice Environment Scale (NNW-PEES) (as cited by Mahoney, 2011). The respondents, which completed the MBA, were able to indicate how often each of the 22 statements best matched their individual beliefs (Mahoney, 2011). The respondents that completed the 30 statements of the NNW-PEES were broken down into subcategories including adequate staffing nurse-physician relationship, leadership support, and nurse participating in hospital affairs (Mahoney, 2011, p. 1 Analysis Mahoganys (201 1) research shown that emergency departments nurses in Ireland were overburdened, ignored, undervalued by administration and that nurse burnout is somewhat related to nursing work environment. Respondents involved in hospital affairs went coincidentally with emotional exhaustion, which meant that participation in hospital affairs were less likely going to happen. The re lationships respondents had with physicians that were perceived as collegial were shown to be less emotionally exhausted and less dependencies. Mahoney, 201 1, p. 34). Increase teamwork, collaborate and reduce levels of burnout by encouraging and developing good relationship skills between nurses, leaders, and physicians. Teamwork was also part of the study but wasnt of any concern between the exponents and physicians. One of the last major items from the working environments was if administration listens to and responds to their employees gained a negative response of 89 percent of respondents (Mahoney, 201 1). The respondents results also shown to be overburdened, ignored inadequately staffed, undervalued by administration, but yet are expected to provide quality care to patients (Mahoney, 201 1). Respondents also noted that administration was punitive with learning from mistakes and lacked in recognizing nurse (Mahoney, 2011). Emotional exhaustion and personalization was significantly associated with the working environments suggesting that the better the nurses working environment the less likely they would suffer from nurse burnout (Mahoney, 2011 , p. 5). Nurses are vulnerable to physical, interpersonal, and social effects of burnout that could have serious implications for the nurse and the patient. It is the duty of health care organizations to maintain a healthy work environment for all healthcare professionals including nurses, to minimize the risk of burnout , provide quality care to patients, and ensure patient safety (Ballard, 2003). Nurse burnout and the work environment impact all areas of nursing so if there isnt a solution then organizations will always have a problem. Ethical Considerations Cork University clinical research ethics committee gave ethical approval regarding the research. A letter describing the purpose, duration and method of research accompanied each copy of the form. Respondents received information, which made them aware that their consent to participate in the study implies consent. This study was coded using Statistical Package for the Social Science Software to ensure their privacy was protected. Conclusion This research study implies that with an overall burnout level of 60. Percent is worrisome and could be closely tied to the work environment (Mahoney, 2011 This writer suggests that organizations including nurse administration can benefit from this information and should listening to their nurses frequently. Administrators need to be encouraged to work toward developing systems supporting nurses ability to experience and manage emotion in ways that improve the quality of patient care and reduce the possibility of burnout (E rickson Grove, 2007). Administration should make sure that when an issue is addressed or a concern is brought up that they truly follow through. If nurses fail to achieve providing quality care to their patients with excessive workloads it will lead to exhaustion, diversification, and demutualization and will most likely increase nurse turnover reducing the organizations capacity to meet the needs of the patients by providing quality care (Mahoney, 201 1 , p. 36). This writer sees the benefit of future studies of obtaining Magnet Status Hospitals in Ireland to see if the percentage of emotional exhaustion will drop from the reported rate of 67 percent.

Quotations for a 25th Wedding Anniversary Toast

Quotations for a 25th Wedding Anniversary Toast It calls for a celebration when a couple has been together for a quarter of a century and their relationship has survived the battles of this disparaging world. This celebration would be incomplete without a 25th wedding anniversary toast being raised to the eternal couple. Use a few quotes from the ones given below to make your 25th wedding anniversary toast a special one. Quotes AnonymousSpouse: someone wholl stand by you through all the trouble you wouldnt have had if youd stayed single. Henry FordComing together is the beginning. Keeping together is progress. Working together is success. Og MandinoTreasure the love you receive above all. It will survive long after your good health has vanished. Zig ZiglarMany marriages would be better if the husband and the wife clearly understood that they are on the same side. David and Vera MaceThe development of a really good marriage is not a natural process. It is an achievement. Ralph Waldo EmersonMarriage is the perfection of what love aimed at, ignorant of what it sought. Elbert HubbardLove grows by giving. The love we give away is the only love we keep. The only way to retain love is to give it away. Chinese ProverbMarried couples who love each other tell each other a thousand things without talking. Hans MargoliusOne man by himself is nothing. Two people who belong together make a world. J. P. McEvoyThe Japanese have a word for it. Its Judo- the art of conquering by yielding. The Western equivalent of judo is, Yes, dear. Johann Wolfgang  von GoetheThe sum which two married people owe to one another defies calculation. It is an infinite debt, which can only be discharged through all eternity. Wedding Anniversary Toast Etiquette Who should make the toast at a wedding anniversary celebration and when should you make them? At a wedding reception, the toast is made by the Best Man after grace is said by a clergyman and before the meal begins. However, you have more options for a wedding anniversary, which would follow the etiquette for a birthday party or formal dinner that has a guest of honor. In this case, the host of the celebration rises to offer a welcoming toast after the guests are seated. Another toast can be offered in honor of the guests of honor when dessert has been served and the champagne and alternative toasting beverages have been served. The toast should not be so long as to keep the guests from enjoying their dessert before it has melted. There can be several rounds of toasts from others in attendance, who rise to give a toast. The guests of honor do not drink when toasted, however. The host is obligated to keep the toasting beverages refilled. The guest of honor is then obligated to rise and thank the host and drink a toast to the host.

Opportunity cost of corruption Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Opportunity cost of corruption - Essay Example The research is aiming to find the impact of corruption on the economy of the country and the people as individuals. What are the sources and consequences of corruption. The results are based on the empirical study and search work available on the Internet.The results of the study and research leaded to outcome that corruption is a global problem that exists at all levels. Corruption can be defined as the abuse of public power for personal ends. Corruption can be defined as use of authority or power to meet personal ends. It has always existed in the world and now-a-days is being treated as global concern. In a corrupted society, personal enrichment considerations take preference over the establishment of rights for all, resulting in biased decision making. Corruption is not confined to a State or country but is prevalent at a global level. Let's have a look at state of corruption on a worldwide scale. The figures are indeed shocking. According to the Asian Development Bank, one East Asian country is estimated to have lost $48 billion over 20 years due to corruption, surpassing its entire foreign debt of $40.6 billion. It has been calculated that as much as $30 billion in aid for Africa has ended up not in Africa, but in foreign bank accounts. Thirty billion dollars is twice the annual gross domestic product of Ghana, Kenya, and Uganda combined. Corruption, it turns out, costs many governments as much as 50 percent of their tax revenues1. 2. Effects of Corruption When the effects of the corruption are considered they cannot be shown as a direct relation ship with the economic changes. The negative changes in the economy due to the corrupt ideas and deeds can be connected with each other to estimate cost of corruption. For example the subprime market is overloaded with bad loans that smashed the holes into a financial ship. This is due to the fact that the banks are giving loans to the borrowers without substantial proof of their income sources. The disbursal of loans without substantial proof or guarantee will result in bad loans. The loans that are given to the borrowers who have no source to pay are due to corruption. This resulted in 40 percent of sub prime market is made up of these loans. The appraisal will be fraudulent when the officers are corrupted and it costs the bank or any financial organization thousands and millions of dollars in the form of non profitable assets. This in turn will halt or slows down the growth of the economy i n the near future. When the loans are going bad the mortgage companies are making lot of money and the banks are at receiving end. These companies are spending few million dollars and are making money from billions of mortgage loans. As long as the artificial rise of the property continued the

Teaching children with dyslexia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Teaching children with dyslexia - Essay Example Owing to the difficulty in diagnosis of the condition, some educators may be essentially baffled by the behavior of a child whose poor performance is mistakenly seen to originate from carelessness (Subramaniam, Mallan, & Mat, 2013). Teachers may punish these students or enroll them in unnecessary remedial lessons, which may make them feel very much underrated, or overburdened in a learning facility. Whereas it may be difficult to differentiate between children who are careless in the classroom and those with dyslexia, it is the responsibility of an effective teacher to create an atmosphere that is favorable for learning by all the pupils. This would enhance early diagnoses for dyslexia and facilitate the implementation of specialized care to cater for the unique educational needs of such students. Â  Owing to the difficulty in diagnosis of the condition, some educators may be essentially baffled by the behavior of a child whose poor performance is mistakenly seen to originate from c arelessness (Subramaniam, Mallan, & Mat, 2013). Teachers may punish these students or enroll them in unnecessary remedial lessons, which may make them feel very much underrated, or overburdened in a learning facility. Whereas it may be difficult to differentiate between children who are careless in the classroom and those with dyslexia, it is the responsibility of an effective teacher to create an atmosphere that is favorable for learning by all the pupils. This would enhance early diagnoses for dyslexia and facilitate the implementation of specialized care to cater for the unique educational needs of such students. Â   Husni and Jamaludin (2009) argue that it behaves a class teacher to comprehend the learning challenges that a dyslexic student may experience within the learning environment. With this awareness, teachers would avoid chances of misconstruing the behavior of a child, which may impair their normal learning processes. In a cordial environment full of motivation, a dysl exic student will develop the perception of self-reliance, which basically yields educational success (Amstrong, 2012). Teaching a dyslexic child requires the knowledge that an impaired auditory short term memory, which results from the disease can result in the student having a poorer capacity to retain the teacher’s input for long.’s input for long. In light of this, an effective teacher should adopt simpler, repetitive teaching strategies when issuing instructions to a class of dyslexic children in order to secure their better understanding of the lessons. Subramaniam, Mallan and Mat (2013) have pointed out that auditory short term memory impairment in a child can impede the victim’s ability to remember the teacher’s input of spoken words, arrangement of sounds in order, and the adequate spelling of the letters. In most cases, children with these learning problems cannot recall even simple instructions. Regardless of the seriousness of the impacts of the impairment, proper teaching interventions in the class have proven advantageous to the victims. Managing the short-term memory Managing the short-term memory is vital to the achievement of better outcomes in the classroom. Teaching a dyslexic child requires the development of the lesson outline, and ending each lesson with a scorecard of the themes covered. By doing so, vital information related to learning will be retained in the child’s memory for longer (Amstrong, 2012). This can also be essential when setting the homework. Teachers should ensure that the dyslexic child properly notes down what is required. Instructors should also ensure that the child carries home the right writing materials. Although a majority of such would find it difficult to remember telephone contacts of their friends, it is important for teachers to have them note down a few contacts on the homework book to facilitate consultation when they face any difficulty remembering the recommended work (Amstrong, 2012). Teachers should also ensure that they use written form of communication for learning activities, since verbal communication would be forgotten easily. A teacher for a dyslexic child should monitor the performance and behavior of the child on a daily

Exorcism in religion and psychology

Exorcism in religion and psychology Contrary to what may seem to be common sense, nowadays the beliefs in paranormal are still very prevalent in the society. Indeed, the revival of the interest and acceptance of such phenomena as poltergeists, ghosts, and devil took place in a quite secularized modern society dominated by the scientific thinking and medical worldview (Milner, 2000). However, it is not that surprising. It could be assumed that the possibility of the belief in the existence of such phenomena is rooted in the peoples understanding of the functioning of the world with religion being one of the sources that provide this kind of information. Some modern scientists propose that religious and spiritual phenomena consist of multiple factors like inherited or developed neural circuitry of the brain, pro-social tendencies selected through evolution, and the general biology of the human mind which generates the specific cognitive processes like religious beliefs (Fayard, Pereau, Ciovica, 2009). This kind of biological predisposition for spirituality and religion might explain why similar phenomena such as possession by the spirits as well as the subsequent healing and expulsion of these spirits are found in many different cultures and religions around the world despite the existing significant differences in ideology and practice. Furthermore, it may also explain why the belief in such paranormal phenomena is still alive in the society even when many old religions and beliefs were extinguished or substituted by science, and modern religions like Christianity, Islam, Buddhism and etc. The revival of the interest in exorcism in the mainstream Christianity was evoked by the rise of the interest in the occult in the society in general such as the fascination with New Age movements which are interested in learning more about the occult (Milner, 2000). Acknowledging all the risks involved in the exorcism, the Christian church was afraid that vulnerable individuals might be hurt by the ritual performed by the healers who lack proper training, beliefs, and resources despite their good intentions, if such are present(Milner, 2000). Furthermore, fascinated by the enthusiasm, spirituality, and mass appeal of various Charismatic and Pentecostal movements that put the emphasis on various occult practices including exorcism, the mainstream Christianity tried to incorporate such practices into their worship in part in response to the demands of the society and due to the perceived threat to the authority of the mainstream Christianity (Milner, 2000). As a result, the issue of e xorcism was brought back to life, however in the light of science. Exorcism defined Despite the revival of interest in exorcism for many people including the ones involved in the Christian ministries, it still remains a bizarre and frightening ritual that came from the past targeting the vulnerable individuals who could be traumatized by this practice (Milner, 2000). For instance, within the legal system traditionally exorcism is defined as physical act of holding down the individual while facing the spiritual, psychic and physical opposition from him. It might be even recognized by the court as the false imprisonment, if exorcism is performed without the consent of the individual (Koploy, 2010). On the other hand, in certain religious groups this ritual is considered to be fundamental to faith just like baptism or marriage (Koploy, 2010). Furthermore, due to the fact that exorcism is very closely connected to the belief system and basic religious experiences, it might be seen as a indirect way of controlling and leaning peoples minds (Versteeg Droogers, 2007). It is very hard to describe the actual ritual of exorcism because the practices as well as the beliefs in demons and spirits vary greatly even within the branches of Christianity (Versteeg Droogers, 2007). However, every incidence of exorcism regardless of the religion within which it is performed includes common elements and can be assessed by the following criteria (Versteeg Droogers, 2007): demonological criterion the nature of the evil: personal or impersonal, spiritual or human; etiological criterion the explanation of the problem, spiritual and natural causes; diagnostic criterion methods of finding the cause: discovering spirits and other medical causes; tropical criterion the experience of reality by the people involved in the ritual: direct or metaphorical; ritual criterion: the structure of the ritual, the people involved in it, and other treatments scientific or spiritual that accompany the exorcism. In the Christian perspective the exorcism is the violent and dangerous battle between the person performing the ritual and the devil inside the individual (Milner, 2000). Therefore, the possessed individual may express uncontrollable anger, strange noises, supernormal extrasensory perception and strength, may uncontrollably call the name of Jesus or devil and have a strong desire for drugs, alcohol, and abnormal sexual practices, be subject to violent rages and be able to speak in language they never knew before (Milner, 2000). Furthermore, they might be unable to perform certain religious practices such as praying, reading Bible, and participating in meditation. In addition, the possession affects the social life of individual due to the rapid deterioration of their relationships with other people and outbursts of panic, terror and envy (Milner, 2000). However, the main danger of such practice as exorcism is not the lack of the acceptance in the society, but rather the too much emphasis on it, which may escalate into a full blown paranoia of attributing everything that is contrary to a specific understanding of the world and religion to the work of devil (Milner, 2000). This misunderstanding may result in tragic occurrences such as abuse, violence, criminal activity, suicide or homicide (Milner, 2000). Furthermore, looking from the psychological perspective, the focus on the devil as the cause of the behavior and demonizing what is not demonic encourage people to ignore the psychological and physiological needs and characteristics of the person and may lead to the diffusion of responsibility or even encourage people to deny that they are in fact responsible for their own actions and behavior (Miquel, 2010). Thus, the presence of devil becomes a very quick and simple explanation and may distract the attention from various psychologi cal, medical or social problems (Milner, 2000). Demon possession Being the result of the problem, it is hard to explore exorcism from both religious and psychological side without taking into account its primary cause, demon or spiritual possession. The word possession within the field of psychology usually refers to the belief that the persons mind and body can be controlled by another personality (Stevenson, 1995). That personality might be represented as the deceases person or an evil spirit. This idea was accepted almost universally till the 16th century and was almost always linked to witchcraft (Stevenson, 1995). However, even after the 16th century when the first skeptical work on witchcraft and magic started to appear, such beliefs remained prevalent in the society. The literature indicates many ways of differentiation among the states of possession such as ritual non-ritual, good evil, or voluntary involuntary, but no single classification is yet developed (Stevenson, 1995). The research shows that the incidents of possession are even though infrequent, but not that uncommon as people usually think. For instance about 2% of general Canadian population reported having experiences a possession (Bull, 2001). Furthermore, even though the general religious affiliation declined in the last century, the cases related to vampires, werewolves, and demons have not ceased (Bull, 2001). Despite the fact that such instances are highly influenced by the traditional culture, the beliefs in paranormal and supernatural are common in the modern society and that many of them arise from the direct personal experience (Ferracuti Sacco, 1996). Scientists agree that spiritual possession is a more cultural phenomenon (Miquel, 2010). This suggests that the existence and identification of this phenomena depends not only the perception and the beliefs prevalent in the society, but also on the interpretation given by the typical members of this culture (Miquel, 2010). Therefore, it is understandable that while working with the Christian clients the reports related to demonic encounters may even increase. For instance the survey of the 343 Swiss Protestants patients showed that about 38% of them believe that evil spirits or demons may be the cause of their psychiatric illness and around 30% of them actually tried the healing prayer or exorcism (Bull, 2001). The frequency increases even more if the individuals with the Dissociative Identity Disorder better known to the general population as the Multiple Personality Disorder are assessed. In one study around 29% out of 236 individuals with this diagnosis indentified their other per sonality as a demon (Bull, 2001). Interestingly enough, the tendency to attribute mental illnesses to the work of devil and possession exists in our society from the Stone Age (Ward Beaubrun, 1980). Even though this etiological theory advanced a lot, it is still evident in the modern society. One of the disorders proposed in DSM-IV-TR for further research and possible inclusion in upcoming DSM-V is Dissociative Trance Disorder (2000). The defining diagnostic criterion for this disorder is the presence of a single or episodic altered state of consciousness in which the identity of the person is replaced by another altered identity usually attributed to the spirit or deity (DSM-IV-TR, 2000). However, such diagnosis is valid only if this experience leads to distress or dysfunction. Therefore, it could be said that within the framework of religion, not all possessions are pathological and require some kind of treatment. Furthermore, the possessions experienced during the specific ritual ceremonies may even have a valid individual and social function (Ferracuti Sacco, 1996). However, in some countries such as Italy possession disorders where another identity is identified as a demon appear to be quite widespread. In one survey done in the 1990s 46% of respondents said that th ey believe in devil (Ferracuti Sacco, 1996). Furthermore, there was a higher incidence of various paranormal and magical phenomena among this group of respondents. The fact that the majority of the majority of respondents who reported these beliefs and the incidents of encounter with paranormal were women might possibly be explained by the fact that women are considered to be more religious than men (Spilka, 2003). In addition women are also more likely to have Dissociative Identity Disorder, which is often associated with the demon possession (DSM-IV-TR, 2000). However, some researchers indicate that the belief in paranormal, magical and spiritual phenomena is not pathological unless it interferes with the functioning of individual on both interpersonal and intrapersonal levels (Ward Beaubrun, 1980). Furthermore, possession may even be seen as the culturally appropriate coping mechanism because it offers the way to escape the stressful reality and reduction of guilt by transferri ng it to the evil entity that possessed the individual (Ward Beaubrun, 1980). Exorcism in Christianity Within the Christian tradition, exorcism often belongs to the broader category of ministry called deliverance (Milner, 2000). It includes dealing with such paranormal phenomena as poltergeists, ghosts, and devil. Therefore, the term deliverance derived from the line of the Lords Prayer deliver us from evil is the preferred official term for exorcism in Christianity (Milner, 2000). However, deliverance may apply to both people and places or things, while the term exorcism still traditionally is used only in connection to people. The existence of such practice is defended by the Bible, which describes Jesus healing abilities, one of them being to cast out demons (Koploy, 2010). Thus, the main task of the person performing exorcism is defined as to confront the demon that possessed a person, and restore the victim of possession to life making the person again whole with self, community, church, and God (Milner, 2000). This description allows seeing that the ritual of exorcism is meant t o bring not only religious, but also psychological and social benefits. However, due to its nature the ritual of exorcism can be easily abused, if not carefully controlled. Therefore, churches had to develop the guidelines for diagnosing the need for this kind of interventions in the cases involving the paranormal as well as for the way to carry them out (Milner, 2000). The control is executed by normalizing and medicalizing the primary cause of the exorcism which is demon possession, as well as bureaucratizing and rationalizing the procedures of exorcism. Furthermore, the revival of exorcism in the secularized and scientific society is risky because it raises many issues about the proper balance between the etiological explanations that emphasize the role of the paranormal and spiritual activity or the role of the material and physical factors. These tensions may lead to the reduced cooperation between the medical professionals and spiritual healers (Milner, 2000). Thus, exorcism may become one of those battle fields, where the ideas of medicine, psycho logy or science in general clash with the ideas of religion eliminating each other from their own worldview. However, according to the famous psychologist David G. Myers, this should not necessarily be the case and both religion and psychology may complement each other by addressing different sides of the same issue (1991). Some members of the church involved in the healing ministry try to take an approach that helps to ease the tensions. They still believe in possibility that the devil can be present inside the person, but they also accept other psychological and physical explanations of the condition (Milner, 2000). The healers try to normalize the process of exorcism making it anything but bizarre to the society and develop a healing model that would correspond to the treatment of the whole person which is emphasized in the modern medicine. The actual process of exorcism includes the involvement of doctors, therapists as well as the healers at every level. Thus, such regulations make an exorcism the last option of healing if neither medical nor psychiatric or psychotherapeutic approaches work (Milner, 2000). The healers are trying to make exorcism a highly regulated and infrequent procedure used together with medical diagnosis and treatment of the condition. Furthermore, they emphasize the idea that the task of the person doing exorcism is not only to cast out demon, but to help the person recover in religious, physical, psychological, and social spheres (Milner, 2000). Therefore, the medical, psychiatric or psychological help remains essential even after the exorcism is performed. As one of the authors stated, The results are important, not theories (p.262). Furthermore, the healers tend to distinguish between the possession syndrome, when people due to other medical, psychiatric or psychological factors falsely believe to be possessed, and the actual possession, when the devil is involved (Milner, 2000). Thus, now it is not uncommon to meet an expert in spiritual healing who also has education and professional training in psychotherapy or counseling (Versteeg Droogers, 2007). Exorcism in psychology In the field of psychology of religion, exorcism received some attention in the light of research done on other topics such as cults, Satanism, and even conversion (Versteeg Droogers, 2007). It is known that some experiences such as religion can create and sustain a community because they provide a common purpose for existence, help to define the identity of the group as well as legitimize the community and its goals (Singleton, 2001). Thus, religious experiences are very important elements of the religion, faith, and culture (Versteeg Droogers, 2007). The supernatural experiences of evil and the encounters with the devil are quite obvious examples of such religious experiences. For instance 80% of the Australian Protestants believe that evil spirits are active in this world and 65% of them have no doubt about it (Singleton, 2001). Even though the actual percentage of such people varies according to the doctrines of specific Christian denomination, it still could be said that the b eliefs in the devil are very widespread. Furthermore, Christians believe that both physical and spiritual parts of the body can be subject to the attack of the devil, thus allowing for the physical as well as spiritual healing (Singleton, 2001). However, despite the prevalence of these beliefs in the society, the literature on psychotherapy generally describes exorcism as being not therapeutic for psychiatric patients and even harmful (Bull, 2001). The fact that exorcism is a part of the religious healing practice leads to the view that it is not scientific or psychological and thus could be dismissed as not feasible treatment. In the literature concerning the Dissociative Identity Disorder points out that those performing exorcism are prone to confuse the other protective or self-destructive identity of the person with the presence of the demon (Bull, 2001). Only small percentage of authors actually considers the possibility of implementing exorcism as a treatment option for the disorder. However, the extremely negative and deteriorative outcomes for the exorcised patients found in several separate studies even lead to the idea that exorcism should never be used in therapy (Bull, 2001). The main two objections for its use a re formulated as the lack of psychological or medical understanding of the disorders by the members of the church performing the exorcism as well as the lack of cooperation of the patient during this process (Bull, 2001). However, the therapists with the Christian background, such Friesen and Mungadze, who acknowledge both the presence of the demon as well as the disorder, see exorcism being a helpful treatment in addition to the psychotherapy for some of the patients having a particular religious background (Bull, 2001). They allow the possibility that the psychological disturbance may coexist with the spiritual disturbance, which could be a defining justification for the application of both psychological and spiritual treatments. Even in the same studies that found the negative outcome to be associated with exorcism some positive outcomes were also reported (Bull, 2001). The differentiating factors in these situations were whether the exorcism was couples with psychotherapy and whether the patient felt coerces to participate in exorcism. For instance, even Allison, one of the pioneers in treatment of dissociative identity disorder had mentioned that he has too much experience of the demon possession , exorcism, and positive outcomes to completely dismiss this possibility (Bull, 2001). Furthermore, medicine and science alone are not capable of fully explaining human abilities. Therefore, it is proposed that both the neurobiology of the individual as well as the context of culture significantly contribute to the development of complex human abilities and the ability to relate to God among them (Fayard, Pereau, Ciovica, 2009). This implies that spiritual or religious experience does not exist apart from our physical reality and daily life in the immaterial spiritual reality. Thus, both religion and science can work hand in hand in order to increase the wellbeing of the individual. Bull proposes the phenomenological model of application of exorcism to the treatment of certain disorders such as Dissociative Identity Disorder (2001). According to him, current treatment of this disorder includes the usage of the perception of the patient without taking into account and questioning the reality or truthfulness of what the patient reports. Therefore, the same approach might be used while applying the exorcism as a treatment. This allows to avoid the clash between the religion and psychology by dismissing the delicate question about the actual existence of demons that is so puzzling for some secular therapists and to work within the belief system of the patient in order to use the beliefs otherwise considered irrational and delusional for the benefit of the patient (Bull, 2001). In addition, this also allows keeping the personal biases of the therapist at minimum. Thus, the religion practices and beliefs being the part of the culture and cultural identity of the perso n, the incorporation of such beliefs in the therapy might be seen as a simple culture-sensitive therapeutic approach. Furthermore, taking into account the idea that the patient is coming from the religious background that acknowledges the belief in the existence of demons and views the problem as caused by the foreign evil entity possessing the mind or the body, gives the therapist one more psychological tool for helping the patient (Bull, 2001). Such beliefs and worldview propose the idea that if the patient believes that something was put into the mind or the body, then it can be expelled. This technique showed to improve the overall social functioning of the individuals diagnosed with the Dissociative Identity Disorder (Ferracuti Sacco, 1996). Thus, the therapist may help the patient to apply their own spiritual resources while fighting the psychological or psychiatric diseases or at least coping with it (Bull, 2001). However, some research also indicates that religious coping strategies may be helpful for patients who identify themselves religious leading back to the issue of working within the belief system of the patients (Wildman McNamara, 2008). The same approach is suggested not only in the cases of psychotherapy but also in family therapy or counseling (Bull, 2001). In addition to the beliefs, the actual term exorcism might also be concern while adopting this approach. Due to the negative depiction of this ritual in the popular media such as in the famous film The Exorcist, this term may evoke a negative reaction. Therefore, for the sake of the comfort of the patient it can be substituted with more appropriate terms like the one preferred by the church which is deliverance or spiritual warfare (Bull, 2001). Furthermore, the therapists are even advised to use the same work describing the perceived foreign evil entity inside the patient that the patient uses (Bull, 2001). The therapist should not only identify the evil spirit that possesses the patient, but also ask the patient to tell if he or she believe in the any higher force that is more powerful than the one inside them in order to use this reference in the further treatment trying to expel the foreign evil entity (Bull, 2001). Assessing this approach from the perspective of the Christian healers, it should be said that it does not contradict the scripture. The Bible shows many episodes of exorcism. However, there are no strict guidelines regarding the symptoms, places or the ways to perform it. Furthermore, the patients from the Judeo-Christian background that perceive themselves being possessed also believe in the power of God who can help to expel the demons (Bull, 2001). However, the personal and professional skills of the person performing exorcism are no less important than the skills of the psychologist because they both provide the guidance during the exorcism necessary to achieve the regenerative outcome (Ferracuti Sacco, 1996). Conclusion The presence of extensive literature on exorcism and demon possession in the fields of theology, anthropology and sociology where spirit possession is considered to be a classic topic, and the lack of it in the fields of psychology of religion or psychiatry shows that these phenomena are not very well researched (Versteeg Droogers, 2007). Even though such incidents are not very common, they are also not as rare as society perceives them to be. For instance, about 10% of the patients in India who are diagnosed with dissociative disorder not otherwise specified actually have a possession disorder (Ferracuti Sacco, 1996). Thus, studying the psychological significance of exorcism within the Christianity or any other religion and the ways it can be applied for the benefit of the patients in combination with other medical or psychological treatment may bring some substantial results. However, as Wildman and McNamara state, while doing an empirical study in the field of religion the resea rchers should be very careful considering the social implications of their research (2008). Even the unbiased study on religion still occurs in the specific social and cultural context. Thus, the results of the ideologically neutral study might escalate and have a profound effect on the social policies, laws, and both religious and non-religious self-understanding of individuals (Wildman McNamara, 2008). Handling such controversial topic as exorcism and its application in medical, psychological or psychiatric treatment which brings together the issues of religion, medicine, psychology and psychiatry requires even more carefulness because it possesses both the benefits and the problems of each field.

Coral Reefs Essay -- Environment, Global Degradation

Coral reefs have been undergoing global degradation due to increasing natural and anthropogenic impacts for at least the last half-century. The intensity and frequency of stressors, including global climate change, have rapidly increased in number over recent years (Hughes & Connell 1999; Hoegh-Guldberg et al. 2007; Pandolfi et al. 2011). Frequent disturbances such as hurricanes/cyclones, predation outbreaks, diseases and mass bleaching events eat-away at the percent of living coral cover and without recovery, the available space is colonized by sponges, soft corals, and macroalgae. These alternative organisms are often competitive dominants in less than ideal conditions (Norstrà ¶m et al. 2009). The transition is termed a phase-shift from a coral-dominated landscape to one that is dominated by other benthic organisms. Phase-shifts are also often associated with low-herbivory (from disease and/or overfishing) and nutrient enrichment (from run-off and coastal eutrophication)(see Re lative Dominance Model in Littler et al. 2006; 2009). The resilience of particular coral species to recover and/or resist disturbance and subsequent phase-shifts may be indicative of which coral reefs are more or less imperiled. Macroalgae are frequently the competitive dominant driving phase-shifts, thus â€Å"coral-macroalgal phase-shifts† is widely used to describe unusually low-levels of coral cover and a persistent state of high macroalgal cover. There have been a number of studies and reviews describing the negative effects of macroalgae and phase-shifts on coral reefs (Done 1992; Hughes & Connell 1999; Hughes et al. 2003; Hughes et al. 2007; McCook et al. 2001; McManus & Polsenberg 2004; Birrell et al. 2008; Bruno et al. 2009). Potential competitive... ...(SML) microbial samples were collected in Belize, the Florida Keys, and St. Thomas U.S.V.I. along interaction gradients between two ubiquitous Caribbean corals (Montastraea faveolata and Porites astreoides), and their interaction with foliose brown macroalgae (Dictyota menstrualis), and calcareous green macroalgae (Halimeda opuntia). These macroalgae were chosen because they are known to reduce coral growth rates, increase coral tissue mortality, and produce potent allelochemicals that are active against coral reef microorganisms (Ballantine et al. 1987; Lirman 2001; Beach et al. 2003; Rashar & Hay 2010; Morrow et al. 2011). We show that macroalgae can shift M. faveolata microbial assemblages more readily than P. astreoides. We also found that coral microbial assemablages of both species were less stable in Florida than at Belize or St. Thomas sampling sites.

Getting Our Future Back On The Rails †Slowly

How does the writer use written and visual language to attempt to persuade readers to share his point of view? The use of inclusive language and personal appeals positions the reader to share the writers viewpoint that a communal garden would be beneficial in not only the sense of convenience but also health, wealth and social.Throughout the article the writer attempts to make the reader believe that a community garden would be a far more productive use of land instead of a skate park and he/she does this with an logical and passionate tone and throughout the article it evolves into a feeling of determination and importance, and this is achieved by the use of imagery and statistics which appeal to both the readers hearts and their wallets. Through repetition of the word community, the writer seeks to compel the reader into believing in the project of the communal garden.The moderate use of repetition in this argument is just enough so that the reader clearly understands that this pro ject is for the community but then not enough so that it drives away the gradual acceptance that the writer is hoping to accomplish. The reference to the Second World War creates a feeling of companionship and duty to growing our own food because during the time of the food shortage that’s what everyone had to do back then, and people don’t want to be put back into that position.Referencing to the graph from the ‘NSW Environment Protection Authority’ lends credibility to the writers argument which influences the reader that the writer certainly knows what they’re talking about and that he/she isn’t the only one concerned about this topic. The concept of having more people that agree with the argument will sway more and more people into believing what is being read and eventually they will jump on board.Statistics and graphs have to be used cautiously in any persuasive piece because if either the information is proven to be wrong it will cause widespread loss of interest and trust in the argument, also, statistics cannot just be thrown into a piece without any explanation from the author otherwise it will just cause confusion for the reader and it will defeat its own purpose, it is similar to using an irrelevant quote.In this argument the use of the graph and the proper accreditation to the ‘NSW Environment Protection Authority’ shows the reader that the writer is trustworthy and the information that he/she is relaying is accurate. By addressing the readers informally as a community, the writer establishes a sense of intimacy not only with him/herself but almost as if with the entire audience that the article was addressed to. Inclusive language is language that does not belittle, exclude or stereotype people, instead it aims on bringing everyone together.Inclusive language includes the reader by assuming that they all agree or disagree, it engages the reader and may gain sympathy or persuade the reader to e ither accept or reject the idea or topic of the article. Some examples of the inclusive language that was used in this article include the words community, our own, ourselves, ‘to you, the community’ and neighbours, these words are all synonyms of the word group.In conclusion the writers main contention was to persuade all of the readers of this article to agree to the construction of a communal garden and he/she did this by using some powerful techniques the correct way in their article, these include but are not limited to inclusive language, repetition, statistics and imagery. The main audiences that will be convinced by this article are those that care about their community and also their own health and financial benefit but there will always be people that don’t agree with what you write and these people might include the ones that would be too lazy to get up and tend to a garden every day.

Essay on What are you looking at - 978 Words

When you are sitting on a public bus and look around, it is easy to make conclusions about people. The guy sitting alone with the messy hair and cloths is obviously a drunk and just wondering aimlessly. The lady sitting in the short dress and has on really heavy makeup, is obviously a prostitute. The young girl with the baby is certainly an unwed mother and lives on welfare. These are the conclusions that many people make about others without knowing any facts about that person. We all stereotype and generalize others without taking the time to meet people and find out who they really are. We stereotype based on simple observations. A judgment, we can come up with in a minute or two. Often we call this the first impression. In†¦show more content†¦This is because this woman has a stereotypical image or thought of â€Å"black men†. The author portrays an image of people locking their car doors when someone black walks by. This image is based on unrealistic speculation about others, that generates genuine fear. That’s a fast reaction to have to something. It only takes a second or two to think about it and another second to react to the situation at hand. Another example given by the author is one of his peer being arrested based on stereotyping. There is a lot of irony and sad truths of the result of stereotyping. It is a good example of how we project our prejudice towards others so easily. It is embarrassing for a human to act in such a manner, with no regard for others and how our judgments will affect them. Another example of negati ve stereotyping is the story â€Å"Size 6: The Western Women’s Harem†. Being a Muslim women, and coming to â€Å"the western world† (Mernissi) would be quite a shock due to the culture change alone. The cultural shock of the women’s fashion industry and how it changes standards for what is normal and what is plus size. This is a bad way to stereotype women. 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